Evaluating The Effectiveness of Implementing Trainee Motorcycle Riders' Curriculum on Road Safety: A Systematic Review of Recent Studies

Abstract

This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of vocational institutes in implementing pre-service programmes for motorcycle riders; drawing from studies published between 2020 and 2026. The review focuses on how vocational institutes’ instructors inculcate positive attitudes among riders toward passenger safety. A comprehensive search across databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) and gray literature sources yielded 12 relevant empirical studies from the United States, the United Kingdom, Nigeria, Zambia, South Africa, Kenya, and Tanzania. Narrative synthesis revealed moderate success in fostering passenger safety attitudes (55–80 percent improvement) through interactive instructor-led methods. Findings highlight resource constraints and coordination gaps in low- and middle-income settings as key barriers, contrasting with higher effectiveness in resource-rich environments. The review underscores the need for infrastructure investment, culturally tailored attitude modules, and formalized authority partnerships to enhance vocational institutes’ impact on reducing motorcycle-related fatalities.