Publication Ethics

a) Publishers' Ethical Responsibilities and Duties i. IJEF is committed to ensuring that the final decision on a manuscript always rests with the Editor-in-Chief.
ii. Decisions on manuscript submissions will be based solely on professional judgment and will not be influenced by commercial interests.
iii. IJEF is dedicated to maintaining the integrity of academic and research records.
iv. IJEF will monitor the ethical conduct of the Editor-in-Chief, Editors/Co-Editors, Editorial Board Members, Reviewers, Authors, and Readers.
v. IJEF will routinely check for plagiarism and fraudulent data in submitted manuscripts.
vi. IJEF is willing to publish corrections, clarifications, and retractions as necessary.

b) Editors' Ethical Responsibilities and Duties i. The journal editors have complete authority to accept or reject a manuscript.
ii. Editors must maintain the confidentiality of manuscripts under review or until they are published.
iii. The Editor-in-Chief, along with other editors and reviewers, will decide whether submitted manuscripts should be published.
iv. Editors must ensure the anonymity of reviewers is preserved.
v. Editors should disclose and avoid any conflicts of interest.
vi. Editors should uphold academic integrity and strive to meet the needs of both readers and authors.
vii. Editors should be willing to investigate issues of plagiarism and fraudulent data, and publish corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies as necessary.
viii. Editors should focus solely on the intellectual content of manuscripts.
ix. Editors must not disclose any information about submitted manuscripts to anyone other than the corresponding author, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher.
x. Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript will not be used by the editor or editorial board members for their own research without the author's explicit written consent.

c) Authors' Ethical Responsibilities and Duties i. Manuscripts must be submitted with the assurance that they have not been published elsewhere (except as an abstract or part of a published lecture, review, or thesis) and are not under consideration by another journal or publisher.
ii. Manuscripts must be submitted in English and written with proper grammar and terminology.
iii. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all co-authors have approved the article for publication.
iv. Authors are obliged to participate in the peer review process by evaluating other manuscripts to maintain the peer review system.
v. Authors must ensure that manuscripts from a specific institution have the necessary institutional approval before submission.
vi. By submitting a manuscript, authors permit editing for readability.
vii. Authors should clearly identify financial support for the research and/or manuscript preparation and briefly describe the role of the funder/sponsor in any part of the work.
viii. A copyright release form must be signed by all authors in the case of multiple authorship before the manuscript's acceptance, making them legally responsible for the journal's ethics and privacy policy.
ix. Under an open access license, authors retain copyright ownership but allow anyone to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy the content, provided the original authors and source are properly cited.
x. All authors agree that the corresponding author will liaise with the editorial office and review the edited manuscript and proofs.
xi. If an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, they must promptly notify the journal editor to retract or correct the manuscript.
xii. Authors must be aware that submitted manuscripts under review or published are subject to screening using plagiarism prevention software, as plagiarism is a serious violation of publication ethics.
xiii. All authors must ensure they have read the final submission checklist before submitting.
xiv. The use of artificial intelligence (AI), such as ChatGPT, to produce fraudulent papers is prohibited. The journal has a zero-tolerance policy for content generated or altered (paraphrased plagiarism) by AI.

d) Online Publishing Ethics The principles of publishing ethics serve as a digital resource to assist journal editors in addressing allegations related to publishing ethics. The editor of a journal bears sole and independent responsibility for all published content. The editor will operate within the framework of the journal's editorial board policies and will be bound by legal obligations concerning issues such as libel, copyright infringement, and plagiarism.

Article Withdrawal Articles in Press, which have been accepted for publication but not yet formally published with complete volume/issue/page information, may be withdrawn from our database under circumstances such as multiple submissions, duplication, errors, false claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data, or similar violations of our journal's publishing ethics guidelines.

Article Retraction Articles will be retracted in cases of multiple submissions, duplication, errors, false claims of authorship, plagiarism, fraudulent use of data, or similar violations of the journal's publishing ethics guidelines. A best practice approach to article retraction is followed based on COPE's Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.